Original Paper

Triacylglycerol, 1-Palmitoyl-2-Linoleoyl-3-Acetyl-rac -Glycerol Isolated from Bovine Udder and its Synthetic Enantiomer can Potentiate the Mitogenic Activity for Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
Jeong Suh¹, Jin Kwon², Jae Eun², Yun Lee, Jin Limb, Soo Ko, So Han, Yun Bae, Gil Jhon

Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Life Sciences and Center for Cell Signaling Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul,
²Department of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Samrye,
¹Present address: School of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju Kijeon Women's College, Jeonju

Address of Corresponding Author

Cell Physiol Biochem 2003;13:415-422 (DOI: 10.1159/000075129)

  Abstract

A factor stimulating a mitogenic activity of peritoneal macrophages is purified from bovine udder. It is identified as a triglyceride, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac -glycerol (rac -MADG). In this study, its enantiomers, R-(+)-and S-(-)-1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetylglycerol (R-(+)-MADG, S-(-)-MADG) are synthesized. Among them, R-(+)-MADG enantiomer turns out to increase a mitogenic activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Also, (S)-(-)-MADG shows a low mitogenic activity. Treatment of a macrophage with R-(+)-MADG increases reactive oxygen species(ROS). Furthermore, treatment of macrophages with antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), suppresses the R-(+)-MADG-dependent macrophage proliferation. Results show that the generation of ROS induces in R-(+)-MADG-dependent cell signaling. Treatment of a macrophage with R-(+)-MADG increases the activity of protein kinase C (PKC). Treatment of macrophages with calphostin C inhibits R-(+)-MADG-induced macrophage proliferation. Results suggest that R-(+)-MADG enhances the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and stimulates the macrophage growth. In conclusions, R-(+)-MADG accelerates the production of ROS and increases the activity of PKC to eventually stimulate macrophage cell growth. The existence of rac -MADG in bovine udder and milk provides passive protection for the neonate and immunostimulatory capabilities.

Copyright © 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel

  Author Contacts

Gil-Ja Jhon
Dep of Chemistry/Div of Mol Life Sciences Ewha Womans University
11-1 Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul 120-750 (Korea)
Tel. +82/2 3277 2341, Fax: +82/2 3277 2384
E-Mail gjjhon@ewha.ac.kr

  Article Information

Accepted: July 04, 2003
Number of Print Pages : 8
Number of Figures : NIL, Number of Tables : NIL, Number of References : NIL